Atom:-The smallest particle of an element is called an atom. An atom
can take part in chemical combination and does not occur free in nature. The
atom of the hydrogen is the smallest and lightest. Ex- Na, K, Ca, H.
Molecule:-A molecule is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can have a stable and independent existence. Ex- O2, N2, Cl2 etc.
Mole:-A mole is a collection of 6.023 X 10^23 particles.
electron:-A electron had been discovered by J.J. Thomson but the named was given by Stoney.
Proton:-A proton had been discovered by Goldstein. but the named was given by Rutherford.
Neutron:-A neutron had been discovered by James Chadwick.
Charge=zero
Avogadro’s Number:-The number 6.023 X 10^ 23 is called Avogadro’s number.
Atomic Number(Z):- The no of proton or electron in an atom of the element is called atomic number.
Z=p=e
Mass Number(A):- The sum of no of proton and neutrons of the element is called mass number. ‘
A=n+p
Isotopes:- These are atoms of the element having the same atomic number but different mass number. Ex- 6C12, 6 C13, 6 C14
Isobars:- These are atoms of the element having the same mass number but different atomic number. Ex- 18Ar 40, 19 K40, 20 Ca 40.
Isotones:- These are atoms of different element having the same number of neutrons. Ex- 6 C 14, 7 N14
Isoelectronic :- These are atoms/molecules/ions containing the same number of electrons. Ex- O^2-, F^-, Na^+, Ne ,Mg^2+
Molecule:-A molecule is the smallest particle of an element or compound that can have a stable and independent existence. Ex- O2, N2, Cl2 etc.
Mole:-A mole is a collection of 6.023 X 10^23 particles.
electron:-A electron had been discovered by J.J. Thomson but the named was given by Stoney.
Proton:-A proton had been discovered by Goldstein. but the named was given by Rutherford.
Neutron:-A neutron had been discovered by James Chadwick.
Charge=zero
Avogadro’s Number:-The number 6.023 X 10^ 23 is called Avogadro’s number.
Atomic Number(Z):- The no of proton or electron in an atom of the element is called atomic number.
Z=p=e
Mass Number(A):- The sum of no of proton and neutrons of the element is called mass number. ‘
A=n+p
Isotopes:- These are atoms of the element having the same atomic number but different mass number. Ex- 6C12, 6 C13, 6 C14
Isobars:- These are atoms of the element having the same mass number but different atomic number. Ex- 18Ar 40, 19 K40, 20 Ca 40.
Isotones:- These are atoms of different element having the same number of neutrons. Ex- 6 C 14, 7 N14
Isoelectronic :- These are atoms/molecules/ions containing the same number of electrons. Ex- O^2-, F^-, Na^+, Ne ,Mg^2+
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